Permutation-lock.



2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED JAN. 1, 1907.

B. B. QUAINTANCB. PERMUTATION LOCK.

APPLIGATION FILED THE 13, 1906 6Qmz? PATENTED JAN. 1, 1907.

E. E.. QUAINTANOB. 'PERMUTATION LOOK.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB.13, 1906..

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

JQ/WJM Witnesses ism outside of the spindle is removed.

UNITED STATES PATENT orrrron.

PERMUTATION LOOK AND NOVELTY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF

DENVER, COLORADO.

PERIVIUTATION-LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 1, 1907.

Application filed February 13, 1906. Serial No. 300,843.

To all whom. it may concern:

ANOE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Permutation Locks; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of referen ce marked thereon, which form a part of this specification;

My invention relates to improvements in permutation-locks of the general description set forth in Patent No. 785,834, issued. to me March 28, 1905, and Patent No. 817,383, issued to me April 10, 1906.

My present nnprovement relates to certain features of novelty whereby the lock is adap ted f or use as a lock for doors or other movable devices whichare required to be secured from time to time. 2

The invention will now be'described in "detail, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which is illustrated an embodiment thereof.

In the drawings, Figure 1 may be termed a front view ofmy invention with the structure to which it is applied partly broken away. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinalsect1on taken on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4:, and 5 are sections taken on the lines 3 3, 4 4, and 5 5, respectively, of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detail elevation of the locking-bar and the end spindles with which it is connected. Fig. 7 is a top view of the same or a view looking in the direction of arrow 7 in Fig. 6, the spindle at theleft being shown in section. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side elevation of the hollow spindle shown on a larger scale and with one of the click-springs in place. This view is taken looking in the direction of arrow 3 in Fig. 5, assuming that the mechan- Fig. 9 is a detail view of a spring extended. Fig. 10 is a view looking in the direction of arrow 10 in Fig. 2. Fig. 11 is an end elevation of a tumbler shown on a larger scale. Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 13 is a crosssection similar to Fig. 5, but showlng a click spring projecting in the opposite direction from that shown in Fig. 5.

I The same reference characters indicate the Be it known that I, ELswoR'rn E. QUAINT- same parts in allthe views.

Let the numeral 5 designate a suitable device as a movable part to which my improved lock is applied. To the part 5 is secured an 'escutcheon-plate 6, upon which are mounted two pedestals 7 and 8. The pedestal 8 is rigidly secured to the escutcheon-platc, and in it is journaled a spindle 9, which passes through the pedestal and through the parts 6 and 5, its inner extremity being made angular in cross-section, as shown at 10, whereby it is fashioned to operate a latch-bolt 12.

The pedestal 7 is journaled in an elongated opening 13, formed in the parts 5 and 6, its inner extremity having a circumferential groove 14, which is engaged by a securingplate 15, fastened to the inner surface of the part 5. The journal 12 of the pedestal is both rotatable and slid able within the opening 13. The pedestal may be locked against sliding movement by a locking-arm 1 6, pivotally mounted at 17. WVithin the pedestal 7 beyond the escutchfeon-plate is bored a recess 18, in which is located a coil-springlQ, whose tendency is to force a spindle 20 outwardly. The outer extremity of the pedestal 7 is enlarged, as

shown at 21, and this enlarged portion is pro- :vided with a spindle member 22, extending at right angles to the spindle 20 and cooperating with a spindle member 23, which, as shown in the drawings, is provided with an enlarged semispherieal extremity 24;, which engages the enlargement 21 of the pedestal. The spindle members 22 and 23 are interijorly grooved to form a longitudinal recess in which is located a locking-bar 25, provided with pins 26, adapted to enter openings 27, formed in tumblers 28, rotatably mounted upon the hollow spindle. Each tumbler is provided with a number of smaller openings 29, none of them, however, except the open ing 27, being large enough to receive a pin 26. There is a pin 26 for each tumbler, and

there may be any desired number oftum blers rotatively mounted upon the hollow spindle of the lock. As shown in the drawings, (see Fig. 2,) there are four of these tumblers and each is longitudinally grooved on its outer surface, as shown at 30, to receive a sleeve'31, the latter being provided with a slight indentation or tongue 32, adapted to enter any groove of the tumbler. One of ICC these grooves is in line with each of the openings 27 and 29. The sleeves 31 are provided with characters, as letters, to facilitate the setting of the combination as desired. In other words, with a lock of this character the sleeves may be so set upon the tumblers as to require the alined coincidence of any combination of letters on the series of sleeves 31 in order to permit the opening of the lock. As shown in the drawings, each sleeve 31 is provided-with a centrally-located milled rib 34, upon each side of which is formed a com plete alphabet of letters. By virtue of this arrangement practically unlimited capacity or range is allowed for varying the combination of the lock.

The tumblers 28 are reversible. The grooves 30 at each extremity of the tumbler are cut entirely through, as shown at 35, as a convenient manner of forming recesses or grooves to receive the click-springs 36, which engage the tumblers on the inside. These springs produce a clicking sound every time a groove or slot 35 is reached, and if the operator knows the number of grooves in any tumbler he can tell from the number of clicks when the tumbler has been given a complete rotation or any desired portion thereof. The click-springs 36 are inserted in openings 37, formed in the member 22 of the hollow spindle. This spindle is provided with circumferential grooves 38, into which the springs are bent before putting the tumblers in position. One extremity of each spring is inserted in an opening 37 of the spindle, while the other extremity (designated 39) projects slightly outwardly from the spindle and engages the slots or grooves 35 of a tumbler.

H The locking-bar 25 is rigidly connected with the spindle 20 and is provided with a number of pins 26' equal to the number of manipulating-tumblers. This locking-bar is laterally movable withinthe longitudinal opening or hollow of the tumbler-spindle. When the tumblers are so arranged that all of the large openings 27 are in alinement, the spring 18 will force the spindle 2O outwardly and impart to the locking-bar 25 a corresponding movement, whereby all of its pins 26 are made to enter the openings 27 of the tumblers. The extremity of the locking-bar remote from the spindle 20 is provided with a polygonal opening 40, adapted to approximately fit a counterpart portion 41 of the spindle 9. Beyond the opening 40, or farther to the left thereof, referring to Figs. 1, 6, and 7 of the drawings, the extremity of the bar is cut away, as shown at 42, to allow the locking-bar to move away from the spindle 9 when disengaged from its part 41. The opening 42 is somewhat narrower than the opening 40, so that when the part 41 of the spindle 9 engages the opening 40 the lockingbar is prevented from endwise movement in either direction. When, however, the recoil of the spring 19 forces the locking-bar to the position shown in Fig. 2, whereby its pins are made to enter the orifices 27 of the tumblers, the locking-bar is shifted on the spindle 9 sufficiently to disengage its opening 40 from the part 41 of the said spindle, in which event the spindle 9 is allowed to rotate, while at the same time the locking-bar of the pedestal 7 is allowed to move toward the right (see Fig. 2) a sufl icient distance to disengage the locking-bar from the pedestal 8 and allow the pedestal 7 to be turned on its journal,

thus exposing the tumblers 28 and their sleeves 31 to removal for any purpose, as in changing the combination of the lock.

When it is desired to return the members to the locking position, the pedestal 7 is turned into the proper position and then pushed toward the pedestal 8, the journal 16 moving in the elongated opening 13. Then in order to lock the spindle 9 against turning the spindle 20 is forced into the recess 18 against the spring 19 until the opening 40 of the locking-bar engages the angular portion 41 of the spindle 8. Then by turning any sleeve 31 and its tumbler the locking-bar will be held in the said position until the proper combination of letters is brought into alinemerit to again release the parts. The spindles 9 and 20 are provided with exteriorlylocated milled knobs A and B for convenience of manipulation. Of course in order to shift the pedestal 7 longitudinally in the opening 13 it is necessary to throw the looking device 16 outwardly or disengage it from the journal. This device 16, however, makes it practicable to prevent the moving of the pedestal 7 without having first adjusted the device 16 from the inside. This under some circumstances may be desirable. .Between the tumblers and their lettered sleeves 31 are preferably placed separating rings or washers '45 to prevent any tendency on the part of one tumbler to actuate an adjacent tumbler.

The hollow spindle, together with the tumblers and sleeves, forms a cylindrical body constituting a handpiece for manipulating the door or other movable part upon. which the lock is mounted. The end tumblers of this handpiece, together with their sleeves, engage shoulders on the pedestals 7 and 8. Hence when the parts are assembled the movable parts carried by the hollow spindle are held in compact form and in operative relation. In order to prevent the spindle 9 from moving longitudinally or endwise, a pin 0 is connected therewith at its inner extremity and projects into a recess D of the part 5, which prevents the spindle from being pulled out through its pedestal.

The sleeves 31, incombination with the letters of the alphabet, may be provided with projections E, which will enable the operator to open the lock in the dark. Thesev projections are illustrated inFig. 1. They may I composed of two pedestals, one of which is have any desired position with reference to journaled in the support and also has a movethe large openings 27 of the tumblers, and ment toward and away from the support, a this being known to the person whose busihollow spindle rigidly connected with the ness it is to open the lock he will know exstationary pedestal, a locking-bar located in 70 actly how many clicks to turn in sleeve after the hollow spindle and protruding into the l the projection E has reached the uppermost movable pedestal at one extremity and into part of the handle member of the look. For the stationary pedestal at the other extreminstance, assuming that the lock is in the ity, the said locking-bar having pins, aspring 1o locked position, all the projections E are in for actuating the bar in the hollow spindle, 75 alinement at the top. The operator will tumblers mounted on the spindle and coopknow that each tumbler must be turned a erating with the pins, a bolt-operating spindefinite number of clicks in one direction or dle journaled in the stationary spindle an the other in order tobring all of the large connected with the locking-bar to prevent openings 27 of the tumblers into alinement the turning of the bolt-operating spindle So to permit the pins 26 of the locking-bar to when the bar is in a given position, the bar enter. being capable of such movement within the Having thus described my invention,what hollow spindle as to release the bolt-oper- I claim is ating spindle to permit the latterto turn, the 1. In a lock, the combination with a suit connection of the locking-bar with the bolt- 85. able support, of a relatively stationary ped operating spindle being also such that when estal mounted on the support, a bolt-operatthe bolt-operating spindle is released, the ing spindle journaled in the pedestal, a secmovable pedestal and the parts connected ond pedestal journaled in the support and therewith may be moved away from the sta- -z 5 connected therewith to have a limited movetionary spindle for the purpose set forth. o ment toward and away from the stationary 3. The combination with a suitable suppedestal, a hollow spindle mounted on the port, of two pedestals one of which is jourjournaled pedestal, 'a locking-bar located in naled in the support and has a movement tothe hollow spindle, and a spring-actuated ward and away from the other pedestal, a 30 spindle mounted on the stationary pedestal hollow spindle connecting the two pedestals, 5

parallel with the bolt-operating spindle, the

the spindle being rigidly attached to one spring-actuated spindle being rigidly conedestal and removably connected with the nccted with the locking-bar, the said bar be other pedestal, a locking-bar located in the ing provided with a number of pins, tumhollow spindle, a revoluble bolt-operating 3 5 blers rotatively mounted on the hollow spinspindle journaled in the stationary pedestal 10o dle, each tumbler having an opening of a size and having a part shaped to engage the lockto receive a pin of the locking-bar so that ingbar' whereby the bolt-operating spindle when the corresponding openings of all the may be locked against rotation, a spring acttumblers are in alinement, the pins of the ing on the locking-bar to shift it sufficiently 0 bar may simultaneously enter the tumblers, to release the bolt-operating spindle, permuthe stationary pedestal being recessed adjatation-lock mechanism mounted on the holcent to the bolt-operating spindle to receive low spindle and cooperating with the lockthe locking-bar, the bolt-operating spindle ingbar, one pedestal being journaled in the having a polygonal-shaped part adapted to support and also having a movement toward 5 receive a corresponding opening formed in and away from the other pedestal for the purthe adjacent extremity of the locking-bar, pose set forth. the outward movement of the spring-actuated I. A permutation-lock composed of two spindle when the pins of the locking-bar enmembers, a hollow spindle connecting the ter the tumblers, being sufficient to disenmembers, alocking-bar located in the hollow 5o gage the locking-bar from the polygonalspindle, tumblers mounted on the hollow shaped part of the bolt-operating spindle, spindle and having openings, the locking-bar the locking-bar being open at the end to albeing provided with pins adapted to enter low it to pull away from the bolt-operating said openings when the tumblers are propspindle, and the last-named spindle being erly adjusted, the tumblers being interiorly 55 free to turn for bolt-operating purposes grooved, and click-springs connected at one when the locking-bar is actuated as aforeextremity with the hollow spindle, the latter said, the movement of the movable pedestal having circumferential grooves to receive the away from the stationary pedestal being springs when the tumblers are slipped over suflicient to disengage the locking-bar from the spindle, the outer extremities of the 60 the stationary pedestal, allowing the joursprings engaging the grooves of the tumblers r25 naled pedestal to turn whereby the hollow as the latter are rotated for the purpose set spindle and its connections are exposed at forth. one extremity for the purpose set forth. 5. In a permutation-lock, the combina- 2. In a lock of the class described, the comtion with a suitable support, of two members, 6 5 bination with a suitable support, of a lock a hollow spindle connecting the members, a 1 0 pins when the tumblers are adjusted to cause to allow the movable pedestal first to move away from the other pedestal and then turn on its axis to throw the permutation devices out of a straight alinement between the two pedestals.

8. A permutation-lock provided With a spindle having click-springs, tumblers revolubly mounted on the spindle, the said tumlers being provided with grooves engaging the click-springs, each tumbler being rovided with an outer sleeve detachably coneach tumbler and to facilitate the arrangement of the tumblers for unlocking purposes, a bolt operating spindle journaled in one member and cooperl ating with the locking-bar, while the other member is journaled in the support and also of th has a movement toward and away from its with openings, a locking-bar located in the companion member for the purpose set forth. spindle and having pins adapted to enter the 6. A look including, two pedestals one of openings of the tumblers when the latter are which is movable, and a connection between properly adjusted, each sleeve of each tumthe two pedestals including permutation debler being provided exteriorly with a projecvices capable of adjustment to allow one pedestal to move away from the other.

7. A lock including two pedestals, one of which is movable toward and away from the other and also has a revoluble movement In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ELSWORTH E. QUAIN TAN CE.

around the axis of the pedestal, and a'con- I Witnesses: nection between the two pedestals including DENA. NELSON, permutation devices capable of adjustment OTTO E. HODDIOK. 

